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Sinks of steel in China–addition to in-use stock, export and loss

Hua GUO,Tianzhu ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 141-149 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0696-3

摘要： China has become the largest producer of crude steel in the world since 1996, which places the country under huge pressure in terms of resources, energy, and the environment. Examining the driver of steel demand is of great significance to the structural adjustment and sustainable development of the steel industry. The researchers calculate the steel demand in China from 2000 to 2009 based on three sinks (steel stock, export, and loss) by taking the four stages of steel life cycle (production, fabrication and manufacturing, use, and waste management and recycling) as the study object. The researchers conclude that addition to in-use stock is the main driver of steel demand and that the 10-year average addition to in-use stock accounted for 77% of the steel sinks, in which 55% of the addition occurs in the building sector, and the steel for this segment is of low strength with large consumption. Based on the analysis of existing policies, the researchers propose that the steel demand structure will develop toward diversification and that the building sector will realize the upgrade of products as soon as possible to improve construction quality. Under the pressure of rising cost for imported resources, the export ratio of steel products should be controlled appropriately. Thus, recycling economy should be developed to reduce steel losses.

关键词： steel demand driver Material Flow Analysis (MFA) Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) addition to in-use stock steel policy

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The influence of social media on stock volatility

Xianjiao WU, Xiaolin WANG, Shudong MA, Qiang YE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 201-211 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017018

摘要： This study explores the influence of social media on stock volatility and builds a feature model with an intelligence algorithm using social media data from Xueqiu.com in China, Sina Finance and Economics, Sina Microblog, and Oriental Fortune. We find that the effect of social factors, such as increased attention to a stock’s volatility, is more significant than public sentiment. A prediction model is introduced based on social factors and public sentiment to predict stock volatility. Our findings indicate that the influence of social media data on the next day’s volatility is more significant but declines over time.

关键词： stock volatility social data sentiment analysis boosting algorithm

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Proliferation of district heating using local energy resources through strategic building-stock management

Yi DOU, Keijiro OKUOKA, Minoru FUJII, Hiroki TANIKAWA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Takuya TOGAWA, Liang DONG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 411-425 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0577-8

摘要：

District heating systems using cogeneration technology and renewable resources are considered as an effective approach to resources conservation and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, wide-spread aging and depopulation problems, as well as the popularization of energy-saving technologies in buildings, are estimated to greatly decrease energy consumption, leading to inefficiency in district heating and barriers to technology proliferation. From a long-term perspective, land use changes, especially the progression of compact city plans, have the potential to offset the decrement in energy consumption that maintains the efficiency of district heating systems. An integrated model is developed in this paper based on building cohort analysis to evaluate the economic feasibility and environmental impact of introducing district heating systems to a long-term compact city plan. As applied to a case in the Soma Region of Fukushima, Japan, potential migration from the suburbs to the central station districts is simulated, where district heating based on gas-fired cogeneration is expected to be introduced. The results indicate that guided migration to produce concentrated centers of population can substantially increase the heat demand density, which supports a wider application of district heating systems and better low-carbon performance. These results are further discussed in relation to technology innovation and related policies. It is concluded that policies related to urban land use planning and energy management should be integrated and quantitatively evaluated over the long-term with the aim of supporting urban low-carbon sustainable development.

关键词： building stock compact city district heating energy use Fukushima

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森林资源遥感估测的重要进展

赵宪文,李崇贵,斯林,田永林,袁凯先

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第8期页码 15-24

摘要：

传统的森林资源调查是一项费时、费力，需大量经费的工作。20世纪70年代末，遥感技术被引入中国。以中国林科院为主的一批林业科学工作者，积极将其应用于森林资源调查工作，特别是森林蓄积量的估测。研究了比值项的作用，确定用定量因子和定性因子联合估测森林蓄积量多元估计方程的形式，以及在中国不同气候带的应用。指出遥感调查方法比传统方法节约经费1/3～1/2。

近年来，用近代统计学和非参数方法进行了新的探索和深入研究，解决了一些在林业资源调查中应用遥感技术的重要问题，为建立以遥感技术为主要技术手段的新的森林资源估测体系提供有力支持。

关键词：遥感调查非参数估计森林蓄积量近代统计学

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秦巴山脉农林畜药绿色循环发展战略研究

刘旭,梅旭荣,杨正礼,杨世琦

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第5期页码 24-30 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.05.004

摘要：

秦巴山脉农业发展面临的主要问题是农业发展与生态环境矛盾突出，农业生产方式转变难度大，农业资源的差异化和碎片化影响农业经营规模与布局，农产品特色品种多，但知名品牌少、深加工少、效益差，以及特色农产品销售渠道和平台薄弱等。本文基于秦巴山脉农林畜药发展目标与思路，提出了山地生态环境红线管理与环境质量提升、科教引领、特色农产品品牌打造、基于农牧良性循环的生态农业、林下特色经济、山地特色农产品加工与营销六大战略。

关键词：秦巴山脉农林畜药绿色循环发展战略

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AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT TO ACHIEVE FOOD SECURITY AND CARBON REDUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA’S DUAL CARBON GOALS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 262-267 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023496

摘要：

● To achieve food security, Chinese agriculture– food system could not achieve C neutrality.

关键词： agriculture carbon neutrality carbon peak food security carbon mitigation strategies

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Research on low carbon management using a scientific classification method

Shanna QI, Meiting JU, Meng DUAN, Wei XING

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 524-530 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0333-3

摘要： This research is aimed at the rapid development of a low-carbon economy, in which we propose the classification and application of relevant management measures to affect the development of environmental management ideas and measures of the low-carbon economy, which we called as low carbon management measures. According to scientific analysis of the low-carbon economy, we can divide low-carbon management measures into three parts: measures for reduction of carbon sources, carbon flow planning, and increase of carbon sinks. Furthermore, we list the advantages that China can utilize to develop its own low-carbon management measures. In the end, necessary adjustments to environmental management measures in China can be made according to this scientific classification.

关键词： low-carbon economy low carbon management carbon source carbon flow carbon sink

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Thoughts on strategies and paths to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in China

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 324-331 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0883-7

摘要： First, a brief introduction is made to the four basic judgments and understandings of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.” Then, an in-depth elaboration is provided on the eight major strategies for achieving the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,” including conservation and efficiency priority, energy security, non-fossil energy substitution, re-electrification, resource recycling, carbon sequestration, digitalization and cooperation between countries. Next, eight major implementation paths for achieving the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” are discussed in detail, including industrial restructuring; building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and renewing the understanding of China’s energy resource endowment; accelerating the construction of a new-type power system with a gradually growing proportion of new energy, and realizing the “possible triangle” of high-quality energy system development; utilizing electrification and deep decarbonization technologies to promote the orderly peaking and gradual neutralization of carbon emissions in the industrial sector; promoting the low-carbon transition of transportation vehicles to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the transportation sector; focusing on breaking through key green building technologies to achieve zero carbon emissions from building electricity and heat; providing a strong technical support for carbon removal to achieve carbon neutrality; accelerating the construction of the integrated planning and assessment mechanism for pollution and carbon reduction, establishing a sound strategy, planning, policy and action system, and optimizing the carbon trading system. Afterwards, it is particularly pointed out that the realization of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” cannot be separated from the support of sci-tech innovation. Finally, it is stressed that carbon neutrality is not the end, but an important milestone. If viewed from the perspective of future energy, the significance and historical status of the goals of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” will be more understandable.

关键词： carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy implementation path important sci-tech innovation implementation path

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE “CARBON NEUTRALITY AND A LOW CARBON ECONOMY FOR AGRICULTURE”

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 153-154 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023497

摘要： HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE “CARBON NEUTRALITY AND A LOW CARBON ECONOMY FOR AGRICULTURE”

关键词： CARBON ISSUE NEUTRALITY HIGHLIGHTS AGRICULTURE

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LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第3期页码 341-362 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023509

摘要：

● Carbon reduction potential of manure treatment technologies was summarized.

关键词： valorization of animal manure manure management carbon emission carbon footprint methodology carbon trading

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Correlation between carbon emissions and energy structure –Reliability analysis of low carbon target

Ben HUA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 214-220 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0133-7

摘要： The influence of energy intensity on carbon intensity depends upon the fraction of energy mixes with high carbon emissions in the total energy mixes . The correlation of with a variety of primary energy mix fractions and technology advances such as CCS and CCHP is analyzed and deduced. Taking the long-term carbon reduction target in 2050 settled upon by the Copenhagen Agreement and the mid-term target suggested by the “450 Scenes Program” of the International Energy Agency (IEA) as constraints, the new pattern of the energy transition of the world in 2020, 2030, and 2050 are estimated and figured out. The peak value of energy consumption will lag behind the peak value of carbon emissions; the world energy structure shifting point will be in 2020–2025. Estimates show that China’s mid-2020 and long-term targets of energy-saving and emission reduction announced by the Chinese government might be achieved.

关键词： correlation carbon emissions energy consumption high carbon emissions energy mix target of emission reduction reliability

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A global carbon market?

Michael G. POLLITT

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 5-18 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0011-x

摘要：

This paper explores the prospects for a global carbon market as the centerpiece of any serious attempt to reach the ambitious goal for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions set by climate scientists. My aim is to clarify the extent to which we know what policy might best support global decarbonisation. We begin by discussing what we might mean by a global carbon market and its theoretical properties. We then go on to discuss the EU Emissions Trading System experience and the recent experience with the Australian carbon tax. Next, we assess recent carbon market initiatives in the US and in China. My argument is that while establishing the amount of emissions required and dividing it up acceptably between countries requires an enormous scientific and international negotiations effort, the economic instruments to deliver the agreed targets are readily at hand.

关键词： carbon market carbon tax EU ETS

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Insights into carbon-based materials for catalytic dehydrogenation of low-carbon alkanes and ethylbenzene

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期页码 1623-1648 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2328-6

摘要： Direct dehydrogenation with high selectivity and oxidative dehydrogenation with low thermal limit has been regarded as promising methods to solve the increasing demands of light olefins and styrene. Metal-based catalysts have shown remarkable performance for these reactions, such as Pt, CrO_x, Co, ZrO_x, Zn and V. Compared with metal-based catalysts, carbon materials with stable structure, rich pore texture and large surface area, are ideal platforms as the catalysts and the supports for dehydrogenation reactions. In this review, carbon materials applied in direct dehydrogenation and oxidative dehydrogenation reactions including ordered mesoporous carbon, carbon nanodiamond, carbon nanotubes, graphene and activated carbon, are summarized. A general introduction to the dehydrogenation mechanism and active sites of carbon catalysts is briefly presented to provide a deep understanding of the carbon-based materials used in dehydrogenation reactions. The unique structure of each carbon material is presented, and the diversified synthesis methods of carbon catalysts are clarified. The approaches for promoting the catalytic activity of carbon catalysts are elaborated with respect to preparation method optimization, suitable structure design and heteroatom doping. The regeneration mechanism of carbon-based catalysts is discussed for providing guidance on catalytic performance enhancement. In addition, carbon materials as the support of metal-based catalysts contribute to exploiting the excellent catalytic performance of catalysts due to superior structural characteristics. In the end, the challenges in current research and strategies for future improvements are proposed.

关键词： carbon materials dehydrogenation active sites mechanism catalytic performance support

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VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第3期页码 333-340 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023513

摘要： VALORIZATION OF LIVESTOCK WASTE AND CARBON NEUTRALITY

关键词： WASTE CARBON VALORIZATION NEUTRALITY

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Hierarchically porous zeolites synthesized with carbon materials as templates

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1444-1461 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2090-6

摘要： Hierarchically porous zeolites are promising candidates in catalytic conversion of relatively bulky molecules, and their syntheses have attracted significant attention. From both industrial and scientific perspectives, different carbon materials have been widely employed as hard templates for the preparation of hierarchically porous zeolites during the past two decades. In this review, the progress in synthetic strategies using carbon materials as templates is comprehensively summarized. Depending on the affinity between the carbon templates and zeolite precursors, the substantial strategies for synthesizing hierarchical zeolites are introduced in direct templates and indirect templates. Direct templates methods, by which the carbon materials are directly mixed with precursors gel as hard templates, are first reviewed. Then, we discuss the indirect templates method (crystallization of carbon-silica composites), by which the carbon is produced by in situ pyrolysis of organic-inorganic precursors. In addition, the technique of encapsulating metal species into zeolites crystals with the assistance of carbon templates is also discussed. In the conclusion part, the factors affecting the synthesis of carbon-templated hierarchically porous zeolites are remarked. This review is expected to attract interest in the synthesis strategies of hierarchically porous zeolites, especially cost-effective and large-scale production methodologies, which are essential to the industrial application of hierarchical zeolites.

关键词： hierarchical zeolites carbon materials direct templates indirect templates carbon-silica composites